Conflict over Chandigarh between Punjab and Haryana



As of now we all know : 

  • Chandigarh has an independent status of a UT.
  • It is neither part of the state of Punjab or Haryana but is a UT governed by administrator appointed by the President of India under Article 239 of the constitution.
Historical background :

  • Lahore was the capital of Punjab in British India.
  • It became a part of Pakistan after partition.
  • Chandigarh was planned to replace Lahore, in independent India – by the Government of Punjab and the Centre.
  • Foothills of Shivaliks selected as the site for the new capital.
  • From 1952 to 1966, Chandigarh remained the capital of Punjab.
How Chandigarh was created ?






  • In 1956, the states of PEPSU had been merged with Punjab.
  • Punjab became a trilingual state with speakers of – Punjabi, Hindi, and Pahari.
  • At the time of linguistic reorganisation of states, there was a strong demand for a separate Punjabi speaking state.
  • States Reorganisation Commission report of 1956 had rejected this demand.
  • In 1966, Indira Gandhi government agreed to the division of Punjab on linguistic basis.
  • Punjab became the Punjabi speaking state, while Haryana became the new Hindi speaking state.
  • Pahari speaking district of Kangra and a part of Hoshiarpur district, went to Himachal Pradesh.
Concept of shared capital :

  • At the time of re-organisation of Punjab in 1966, Chandigarh was made the shared capital of both Punjab and Haryana.
  •  It was also declared a union territory and was placed under the direct control of the Centre. 
  • The properties in Chandigarh were to be divided in 60:40 ratio in favour of Punjab.
The Conflict :
  • Indira Gandhi had announced that Haryana, in due course, would have its own capital and Chandigarh would go to Punjab.
  • The Centre had laid down documents in the Lok Sabha in January, 1970, saying: 

After very carefully weighing the claims of the two states, the capital project area of Chandigarh should, as a whole, go to Punjab.
  • In 1985, under the Rajiv-Longowal accord, Chandigarh was to be handed over to Punjab on January 26, 1986. 
  • The Rajiv Gandhi government withdrew from this agreement, at the last minute.
Claims :

  • In 1970, the Centre had asked Haryana to use the office and residential accommodation in Chandigarh only for 5 years till it shifts to its own new capital.
  • The Centre had offered ₹10 crore grant to Haryana and an equal amount of loan for setting up the new capital.
  • In 2018, Haryana CM Manohar Lal Khattar suggested setting up a special body for development of Chandigarh, but the Punjab CM rejected it – saying the city “indisputably belonged to Punjab”.
  • Haryana has been demanding a separate High Court.
  • Haryana also passed a resolution in the Vidhan Sabha – demanding 20 rooms in the Vidhan Sabha complex (that have been in the possession of Punjab).

Post a Comment

0 Comments